Internal-combustion engine



Nov. 5, i929. P. M. cAssAT `L734y2m INTERNAL COMBUS'IION ENGINE Filed Oct. 14. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I ven r auf @5512? ttornzy Nov. 5, i929. P. M. cAssAT L734201 INTERNAL COMBUST'ION ENGINE Filed oct. 14, 1926 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patent ov; 5, E92

PAUL M. casser, or ABILENE, sas

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION -ENGINE Application illed ctcber`14, 1926. Serial No. 141,583.'

The present invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, and has for its principal object to provide an internal combustion engine having a firing' chamber at the end of each piston.

Another very important feature 'of the invention lies in the provision of an engine with a structure as indicated above wherein the'v same may use the four-cycle system of firing.

Another very important object ofthe invention lies in the provision of an internal combustion engine of this nature which is simple and compact in itsconstruction, thoroughly efficient and reliable in its operation,

5 and otherwise well adapted to the purpose for which it is designed.

With the above and numerous other ob-l jects in view as will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in cer- 2 tain novel features ,of construction, and in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the drawings 1 Figure 1 is a vertical sectionl taken through an internal combustion engine embodying the features of my invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary side elevation thereof showing the v alve operating means.,

and

Figure 3 is a fragmentary top plan View of the cylinder block. y

Referring to the drawing in detail, it vwill be seen 5 denotes the cylinder block which is jacketed in i-ts side walls as is indicated at 6 o and 7 in Figure l. This cylinder block has a plurality of cylinders 8 bored therein in the usual manner and in each cylinder there is slidable a piston P which includes top and bottom heads 9 connected to aspool-like body.

The piston heads 9 are provided with suit- -able piston rings 11. A. jacketed head 12 is bolted to the upper surface of the block 5 and a jacketed head 14y is bolted to the bot- 45 tom side thereof both heads being dished opposite the intake and exhaust pockets. The crank case is bolted to the bottom head 14. The heads 12 and 14 are provided with firing chambers 1 6 communicating with the cylinders. From the bottom head 9 of each piston r there projects a rigid rod 17 which is sua! Y able through a stuiiing box 18 formed in the bottom head 14. A cross head 19 is slidable in a slide-way 20 formed in the crank case 15 and has pivotally engaged therewith a con- `necting rod 21 which is engaged with one crank of the crank shaft 22. I am 'describing only one cylinder, and the parts associated therewith in detail, since the others are duplicates thereof and may be easily understood by those skilled in the art.

Spark plugs 24 and 25 arel mounted in openings of the heads 12 and l14 respectively to fire the charges in the firing chambers 16 at the proper time. 27 are associated with thel cylinders, two for each cylinder, and one vfor each ring cham'-4 ber. Exhaust -poppet valves 2,8 are associated with'the cylinders, two for each cylinder, and one for each firing cham-ber. A cam shaft 30 is rotatable in the block 5 and anysuitable means such as is indicated at 31 may be uti- Intake poppet. valves lized for operating thiscamI shaftat .one-

half crank shaft speed asis the common practice in a four cycle engine. On the cam shaft there are disposed cams 33 for operating the exhaust valves and cams 34 for operating the intake valves.` An intake manifold is indicated at 35 and communicates with the ports 36 leading into the firing chamber 16 through the intake valve 27 'while an exhaust manifold 37 communicates with ports 38v leading into the ring chamber 16 through exhaust valves 28.V The exhaust valve in the upper part of the cylinder' is located approximately above the intake valve of the lower cylinder 'and vice versa..

From the above detailed description it will be seen that the combustion chambers below the pistons are constructed the same as the v ones'on top except that an' opening is left for.

the piston rod. When the rod passes through thefcylinder head of the lower combustion chamber, the opening is fitted with rings, a stuffing box, or other suitable packing to pre vent the compressing from leaking into the crank case. The piston rod is fitted with a guide such as is explained above at the lower end, and the connecting rod is fastened to the crosslhead forming part'of this guide structure somewhat on the order of a steam engine.

Thewater jackets are placed around the lower cylinder head as well as the top. This is an im ortant feature ofmy invention. t p' he advantages of this type of engine are more power than an engine of the ordinay type with the same number of cylinders ,con

4 same power.

ous conditions o necting rods, and pistons. This engine with the double acting cylinders would be approximately twice as flexible and powerful as an ordinary engine having the 'samesize andl number of cylinders. This' engine in a six cylinder could be built. less complicated and weigh less than a twelve cylinder ordinary' type engine' and still have practically the- -This engine in an automobile could be geared for lower motor speed Aand still have more power than the ordinary en-L gine; This would mean more speed and power on. the road and longer motor life.

` From the foregoing, it'will be readily apparent that I have rovided an eiiicient and substantial device o the character described, and while the specification manifests in de-` tail the construction of the invention, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myselffto the specific details of construction and arrangement ofparts as herein described and illustrated, las 1t is manifest that variations and modifications may be resorted toin the features of construction and arrangement of parts in the adaptation of the engine to variuse without departing from the s irit and scope of the invention. I there ore reserve the right to all such variations, modifications as properly fall within the vscope of my invention as hereinafter j. claimed. From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction of my invention will be clearl understood and,.therefore, a more.

f extende explanation has been omitted.

- Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire/to secure by Letters Patent is I In an internal combustion engine construc- Y tion comprising a base, a. block detachably secured upon said base, and a head detachably secured upon said block, said block'havin la. cylinder bore therethroughand intake an exhaust ockets at each end thereof, the oposedsi es\o f the base and head .being dished or communicating said pockets and cylinder bore; i v In testimony whereof I aixvm signature.

PAUL M. 'ASSAT. 

